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TABLE CULTIVARS
Different table varieties can be found in the world - some of them are
actual riches for their country of origin – and each one has its own
peculiar features as far as productivity, fertility, illness proness,
resistance to biotical factors and need for nutrients are concerned. Many of
them do not belong to a well defined breed, so it
would be advisable a reorganization of this sector as well as a
genetic improvement for the determination of the most suitable variety for
each region. Clone selection could help the diffusion of officially
certified healthy trees (i.e. virus free plants) which are up to required
standards and resistant to pests and biotic
factors.
TABLE
CULTIVARS IN ITALY AND ABROAD
|
Region
|
Green
Olives
|
Black
olives
|
Green
and black olives
|
|
Marches
|
Ascolana
|
Lea
|
|
|
Abbruzzi
|
Intosso
|
Cucco
|
|
|
Latium
|
|
Strana
|
|
|
Campania
|
|
|
Ortice,
Ortolana,
Caiazzana
|
|
Basilicata
|
Dolce
di Melfi
|
Majatica
|
Justi,
Majatica
|
|
Apulia
|
Bella
di
Cerignola,
Olivone,
Piccoline,
S.Agostino
|
Provenzale
Coratina,
Amele, Nurca,
Pasola
|
Coratina,
Termite di Bitetto
|
|
Calabria
|
|
Grossa
di
Cassano,
Grossa di Gerace,
Dolce di Rossano,
Varesina
|
Carolea
|
|
Sicily
|
Nocellara
Etnea,
Nocellara
del Belice |
Ogliarola,
Messinese,
Moresca,
Cassanisa |
Giarraffa,
Tonda Iblea,
Biancolilla |
|
Sardinia
|
Tonda,
Manna,
Pizz'e Carroga
|
Bosana
|
|
|
In
many
Regions |
|
|
Leccino
|
The most wideaspread forign varieties are:
ALGERIA: Sigoise,Sevillane,Cornicabra
ISRAEL: Manzanillo,Souri,Barnea
SPAIN: Manzanilla, Cacerena, Gordal
Sevillana, Hojiblanca, Alorena, Morona
GREECE: Konservolia, Kalamon,
Megaron
PRODUCTIONS
World production
of table olives amounts to 1 billion kg per year (3.5% of the whole olive
production) 40% of which is produced in Europe and less than 10% in Italy.
|
Spain
|
q.li
2,400,000
|
|
Greece
|
q.li
1,000,000
|
|
Turkey
|
2,160,000
|
|
Italy
|
850,000
|
|
USA
|
1,660,000
|
|
Syria
|
850,000
|
|
Morocco
|
1,000,000
|
|
|
|
The USA are the greatest consumers, followed by Italy
(2.5 – 3 kg/person). Our country imports 45% of its total consumption.
The Italian regions producing mainly table olives are:
Sicily 50%, Apulia 27%, Campania 5.5%, Calabria 5%, Sardinia 4.5%,
Basilicata 1.8%, followed by Latium, Abbruzzi, Liguria, Marches, Tuscany and
followed by the others.
Italian imports are high (about 50-60,000 tonnes/year,
80% of which are of green olives) and they come from Spain, Greece and
Turkey.
In its area of origin, the “Oliva Tenera Ascolana”
occupies about 66,000 hectares of intensive culture (600,000 kg) in addition
to about some more 7,300 scattered plants cultivated by families (1-5 plants/family)
for their own private use.
Abbruzzi accounts for 20 hectares of intensive
cultivation (7,000 plants which produce about 70,000-75,000 kg).
The demand for the “Oliva Tenera Ascolana” for
direct consumption is about 1,000,000 kg,
while that one for the preparation of stuffed olives is about
2,000,000 kg.
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